The impact of present Δms measurement on UT fit



Experimental Status (Winter 2006)
Amplitude Method
Likelihood Ratio Method



Experimental Status (Winter 2006)


The CDF collaboration reported the first 5σ measurement of Δms, which provides a test of the Standard Model through the comparison to the indirect determination, obtained from a combined fit to all the remaining constraints (|Vub/Vcb|, Δ md, εK, sin2β, cos2β, α and γ).



dms amplitude scan from CDF

Amplitude as a function of Δms from CDF

This comparison is a crucial test for the Standard Model and it plays in the b → s sector the same role of sin2β measurements in b → d sector few years ago. At this point, the two informations do not show any significant evidence of disagreement




indirect determination of Δms

Compatibility plot for Δms

direct determination of Δms
(EPS) [JPG]
(EPS) [JPG]
(EPS) [JPG]

INDIRECT MEASUREMENT:
Pull distribution
DIRECT MEASUREMENT:
Δms = (18.4 ± 2.4) ps-1
Δms = (17.77 ± 0.12) ps-1




The amplitude method


The amplitude method has been introduced by H.G. Moser and A.Roussarie and is described in Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A384 (1997) 491. with the aim of setting limits on Δms and to combine results from different analyses.
The method consists in modifying the equation describing the probability that a B0 meson oscillates into a B0 in the following way : 1 ± cos Δms t ⇒ 1 ± A cos Δms t. A and σA are measured at fixed values of Δms instead of Δms itself. In case of a clear oscillation signal, at a given frequency, the amplitude should be compatible with A = 1 at this frequency. With this method it is easy to set a limit. The values of Δms excluded at 95% C.L. are those satisfying the condition A(Δms) + 1.645 σA (Δms) < 1. Furthermore the sensitivity of the experiment can be defined as the value of Δms corresponding to 1.645 σA (Δms) = 1 (taking A(Δms) = 0), namely supposing that the ``true'' value of Δms is well above the measurable value.
For example we show, the combined result of LEP/SLD/CDF/D0 analyses (situation at Moriond06) (see HFAG) is shown in Figure (plot on the left) below



dms world average amplitude

Amplitude as a function of Δms (HFAG WA, not including new CDF)

amplitude vs. dms

Δ log Linfinity(Δms).




The Likelihood ratio method


The 95% C.L. limit and the sensitivity, are useful to summarize the results of the analysis. However to include Δms in a CKM fit and to determine probability regions for the Unitarity Triangle parameters, continuous information about the degree of exclusion of a given value of Δms is needed.
The log-likelihood values (it is the log-likelihood referenced to its value obtained for Δms=infinity) can be easily deduced from A and σA using the expressions :
formula of likelihood ratio I
The last two equations give the average log-likelihood value for Δms corresponding to the true oscillation frequency (mixing case) and for Δms being far from the oscillation frequency (|Δms-Δmstrue| >> Γ/2, no-mixing case). Γ is here the full width at half maximum of the amplitude distribution in case of a signal; typically Γ ~ 1/τ(Bs). The Δ log Linfinity(Δms) plot from the world average is shown in the above Figure (plot on the right)
The Likelihood Ratio R is defined as :
formula of likelihood ratio II
It has been shown (Yellow Book CERN-EP/2003-002 hep-ph/0304132 pages 182-190) that in the Bayesian approach the correct method to include this information is the Likelihood ratio method. A similar method to incorporate results from mixing can be found in hep-ph/9607469.


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